Years ago, one of the essay questions on my WSET (Wine & Spirits Education Trust) Advanced exam was to describe the Humboldt Current and its effect on the coastal wines of Chile. Having studied the topic during the course, I answered (correctly, I assume) the essay. Truth be told, I had not, at that point, knowingly tasted Chilean wines that were real-life examples of this important climactic element. Since that time, I’ve tasted many wines from Chile and with each sip, I have learned much more.
One example occured a few weeks ago when Joaquin Hidalgo, wine columnist for La Nacion, Argentina’s newspaper of record and South American editor at Vinous.com, led a group of journalists on an educational journey about the Humboldt Current and its influence on the coastal wines of Chile. With six wines (sent as samples by Master the World) in hand, our group delved deeper into the topic.
Really, Though, What is the Humboldt Current?
The Humboldt Current is a cold ocean current that flows northward along the western coast of South America. Originating from the southern tip of Chile, the current extends northward to Peru and Ecuador. Hidalgo explained that the Current plays a crucial role in the highly productive marine ecosystems of the region by bringing nutrient-rich waters from the deep ocean to the surface. As a result, the ecosystem is supported and the region’s fisheries are sustained.
In Chile, vineyards are closer to the Pacific Ocean and at a lower altitude than those in Argentina. The cold Humboldt Current impedes the formation and movement of clouds that cause significant rainfall and the wide diurnal temperature range helps provide a positive growing environment. There are no pests (including phylloxera) to destroy vineyards due to the height and breadth of the Andes Mountains. Pacific breezes, early morning fog and cooling influences by the Humboldt Current help vines flourish on well drained, decomposed granite soils. It also helps produce wines with sharp acidity and low pH thanks to the cold.
Hidalgo made it clear that the climate of Chile’s wine regions is linked to the Pacific Ocean and specifically, the Humboldt Current. Everyone was excited to begin the tasting.
A Selection of Coastal Wines of Chile
Our first sip was Miguel Torres Cordillera de Los Andes Chardonnay 2023 ($20). Cold-climate vineyards situated on calcareous clay soils helped produce a powerful wine with fruit-forward aromas of ripe citrus, lime zest and freshly cut grass. Bright acidity and chalky notes on the palate led to a creamy, broad palate profile.
Amelia Pinot Noir 2022 ($55) was from vines planted between 2009 and 2012. Cultivated on calcareous clay soils with exposure to oceanic breezes wafting a mere 22 kilometers from the Pacific, the wine was incredibly rich and fresh. Aromas of cherries, plums, black currants, and cinnamon led to flavors of the same, along with spice. Full bodied with vibrant acidity and tannic structure, this Pinot was absolutely mouthwatering. The wine was aged for 12 months in French oak barrels.
Floresta Chardonnay 2021 ($20) is from Limari’s Floresta vineyard, the furthest from the Pacific Ocean. Grown on alluvial soils with clay and calcareous deposits, this wine was a well-priced selection delicious with a variety of foods. On the refreshing nose and palate, I noted green apples, pineapples, banana, spice, lemon curd and hints of cream. This vintage was aged for 12 months in French oak barrels with partial malolactic fermentation.
Chardonnay Montes Alpha 2020 ($24) is produced from grapes sourced from Casablanca and Leyda. Fruit from Casablance offered a tropical profile whereas those from Leyda suggested citrus and orchard fruit notes. Its high acidity was tempered by barrel aging and the result was a complex blend of components. 35% of the Chardonnay was aged in French oak barrels for 12 months prior to bottling.
The cooler Las Dichas sector of the southeastern edge of the Casablanca Valley was the home of Pinot Noir for Terranoble Pinot Noir 2023 ($15) cultivated on granite-rich slopes. Bright acidity and moderate tannins framed lovely notes of dark berry fruit and the freshness of the region rang true with each sip.
Last but not least, Boya Pinot Noir 2020 ($20) was grown on ocean facing vineyards with granite soils. Balanced and fresh, the intense nose of wild berries, rose petals and herbs were an enticing entry. On the satin-smooth palate with just-right acidity, I noted raspberries, strawberries, mint and red florals. Exceptional.
There is no denying that the effects of the Humboldt Current in the regions and wines of Chile are remarkable. Taste for yourself – simply find one or more of these wines now!
Cheers! ~ Cindy
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